Bibliothèque de L'IMIST/CNRST

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Machine generated contents note: 1. Scattering Techniques -- 1.1. Introduction / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.2. Diffraction / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.2.1. Diffraction Formalism / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.2.2. Differences between Neutron and X-Ray Scattering / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.2.3. Selected Example / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3. Small-Angle Scattering / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.1. SAS Spectrometer / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.2. Small Angle Scattering vs. Diffraction / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.3. What Does Q Probe? / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.4. Small-Angle Scattering Formalism / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price.

1.3.5. SAS from a Two-Phase System / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.5.1. Guinier Approximation: Radius of Gyration / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.5.2. Porod Scattering / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.5.3. Porod Invariant / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.6. Form Factors / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.7. Multicomponent Systems: Neutron Contrast Matching / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.8. Interacting Scatterers: Structure Factor / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.9. SANS vs. SAXS / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.10. Selected Examples / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.3.10.1. Porous Materials / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price / Gérald Lelong -- 1.3.10.2. Soft Matter / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price.

1.3.10.3. New Developments / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.4. X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.5. Inelastic Scattering / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 1.5.1. Selected Examples / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- References / Gérald Lelong / Marie-Louise Saboungi / David L. Price -- 2. Studying Diffusion and Mass Transfer at the Microscale / Gérald Lelong / David L. Price / Marie-Louise Saboungi -- 2.1. Introduction / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.2. Techniques Applied / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.2.1. Pulsed Field Gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.2.1.1. Normal, Isotropic Diffusion / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.2.1.2. Aniso tropic Diffusion / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven.

2.2.1.3. Long-Range Diffusion / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.2.1.4. Transition Range: Determination of Surface Resistances / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.2.1.5. Selective Diffusion Measurements / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.2.2. Interference Microscopy and IR Microimaging / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.2.2.1. Principles of Measurement / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.2.2.2. Attainable Information and Correlation with the PFG NMR Diffusivity Data / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3. Results and Discussion / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.1. Zeolites / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.1.1. Intracrystalline Diffusion: Zeolites Y and NaX / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.1.2. Transport Resistances at the Crystal Surface: Zeolites NaCaA and Ferrierite / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven.

2.3.1.3. Mesoscopic Observation of Molecular Uptake: Water in Sodalite / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.1.4. Long-Range Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Beds of Zeolite NaX and in FCC Catalyst Particles / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.2. Metal Organic Frameworks / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.2.1. Manganese Formate / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.2.2. Zn(tbip) / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.3. Ordered Mesoporous Materials / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.3.1. Pore Connectivity in Silica SBA-15 / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.3.2. Mesopore Diffusion, Hysteresis, and the Effect of Impregnation / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.4. Random Pore Networks / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven.

2.3.4.1. Diffusion in Mesoporous Aluminosilicate under Freezing Conditions / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.3.4.2. Diffusion in Activated Carbon: Indications of Long-Range and of Micropore Diffusion / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 2.4. Conclusion / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- Acknowledgments / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- References / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 3. Nanoscale Microscopies / Christian Chmelik / Jörg Kärger / Douglas M. Ruthven -- 3.1. Introduction / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.2. Fundamentals / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.2.1. Electron Microscopy / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.2.1.1. Electron Optics: The Basics / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.2.2. High-Resolution TEM / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.2.2.1. Noise Filtering / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson.

3.2.2.2. Variants / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.2.3. Image Processing and Analysis / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.2.4. Scanning Probe Microscopies / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.2.4.1. Atomic Force Microscopy / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.2.4.2. Confocal Microscopy (LSCM[--]Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy) / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.3. Selected Examples / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.3.1. Environmental TEM of Cu/ZnO Catalysts for Me0H Synthesis / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.3.2. HRTEM of Chrysotile / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.3.2.1. Use of Wiener filters / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.3.3. Nanostructures of Porous Silicon / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.4. Future Challenges and Expected Breakthroughs / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.4.1. Remote Control Operation / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.5. Conclusions / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 3.6. Questions on Basic Issues / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- References / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson -- 4. Calorimetric Techniques / Anthony A.G. Tomlinson.

4.1. Immersion Calorimetry / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 4.1.1. Immersion Calorimetry for the Estimation of the Surface Area of a Solid: The Modified Harkins and Jura Method / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 4.1.2. Immersion Calorimetry for an Evaluation of the Chemical Nature of the Surface / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 4.1.3. Immersion Calorimetry for the Evaluation of Microporosity / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 4.1.4. Intrusion of Non-Wetting Fluids / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 4.2. Thermoporometry / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 4.3. Isothermal Adsorption Microcalorimetry / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 4.3.1. Adsorption Calorimetry for the Characterization of Heterogeneous Adsorbents / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 4.3.2. Adsorption Calorimetry for the Characterization of Homogeneous Adsorbents / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 4.3.3. Adsorption Calorimetry for the Detection of Adsorbate Phase Transitions / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 4.3.4. Adsorption Calorimetry to Follow the Various Stages of Micropore Filling / Philip L. Llewellyn.

4.3.5. Adsorption Calorimetry and Capillary Condensation / Philip L. Llewellyn -- References / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 5. Combination of In Situ and Ex Situ Techniques for Monitoring and Controlling the Evolution of Nanostructure of Nanoporous Materials / Philip L. Llewellyn -- 5.1. Introduction / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / N.K. Kanellopoulos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / G.E. Romanos -- 5.2. The Combination of In Situ and Ex Situ Techniques as a Characterization Tool of Nanoporous Materials / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- 5.2.1. The Development of Models for the Theoretical Analysis of the Combinations of Relative Permeability and Sorption Measurements / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- 5.2.2. Development of In Situ Adsorption and Neutron Diffraction Techniques for the Structural Characterization of Confined Phases / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos.

5.2.2.1. Structural Study of Confined CO2 in a Microporous Carbon by In Situ Neutron Diffraction / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- 5.2.2.2. Structural Study of Confined CO2 in a Mesoporous Silica by In Situ Neutron Diffraction / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos.

Note continued: 5.3. Combination of In Situ and Ex Situ Techniques for Monitoring and Controlling the Synthesis of Nanoporous Membranes / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- 5.3.1. Low-Cost Asymmetric Carbon Hollow Fibers / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- 5.3.1.1. Combination of Ex Situ Techniques: Characterization of Asymmetric Carbon Hollow Fibers / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- 5.3.2. Combinations of In Situ Permeability and Ex Situ Methods for Monitoring and Controlling the Deposition of SiO, within the Separating Layer of Nanoporous Sol[-]Gel Membranes / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- 5.3.3. Carbon Nanotube-Based Porous Composites and Combinations of In Situ and Ex Situ Methods for Monitoring and Controlling Their Growth Evolution / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos.

5.3.3.1. CNT Growth on Porous Supports with In Situ Gravimetric Monitoring / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- 5.3.3.2. Growth of CNT Membranes Monitored by Online Differential Pressure Measurements and Combination of Sorption and Permeability Techniques / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos / G.N. Karanikolos -- 5.3.3.3. CNT Growth and Monitoring by In Situ Electron Microscopy / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- References / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- 6. Mesoscopic Methods / G.N. Karanikolos / F.K. Katsaros / G.E. Romanos / K.L. Stefanopoulos / N.K. Kanellopoulos -- 6.1. Introduction / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.2. Geometry / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.2.1. Reconstructed Porous Media / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.2.1.1. The Standard Reconstruction of Porous Media / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.2.1.2. Reconstruction of Porous Media by Two Fields / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.2.1.3. Extension of the Standard Reconstruction Method / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert.

6.2.2. Grain Reconstruction of Porous Media / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.2.3. Packings of Star Particles / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.2.3.1. Polydisperse Packings / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.2.3.2. Nonconvex Star Particles / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.2.4. Geometric Properties of Polydisperse Packings / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.2.5. Mixed Structures / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.3. Conductivity and Permeability / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.3.1. Conduction / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.3.2. Stokes Flow / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.4. Other Phenomena / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.4.1. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Simulations in Two Phases / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.4.2. Mechanical Properties / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.4.2.1. Basic Equations / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.4.2.2. Macroscopic Mechanical Properties / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.4.2.3. Application / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.4.3. Wave Propagation through Saturated Porous Media / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.4.3.1. Basic Equation / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert.

6.4.3.2. Application / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 6.5. Concluding Remarks / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- References / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 7. Characterization of Macroscopically Nonhomogeneous Porous Media through Transient Gas Sorption or Permeation Measurements / P.M. Adler / J.-F. Thovert -- 7.1. Introduction / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- 7.2. Steady-State Permeability Properties / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- 7.2.1. Concentration-independent Systems / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- 7.2.2. Concentration-Dependent Systems / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- 7.3. Permeation Time Lags (Concentration-Independent Systems) / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- 7.3.1. Sorption and Permeation Apparatus for a Gaseous Penetrant / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- 7.3.2. Comprehensive Time-Lag Analysis Procedure / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- 7.3.3. Experimental Application of the Comprehensive Time-Lag Analysis Approach / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki.

7.4. Transient Diffusion Kinetics (Concentration-Independent Systems / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- 7.5. General Conclusions and Future Research Prospects / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- References / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- 8. Synthesis Processes of Nanoporous Solids / J.H. Petropoulos / K.G. Papadokostaki -- 8.1. Introduction / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 8.2. Evolution toward Materials with Larger Pores / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 8.3. Combined Micro- and Mesoporous Materials / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 8.3.1. SBA-15 Materials / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 8.3.2. Plugged Hexagonal Templated Silica: An Analogue to SBA-15 / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 8.3.2.1. Synthesis Mechanism of PHTS Materials / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 8.3.2.2. Modification of Plugged Materials / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 8.3.3. Mesoporous Materials with Zeolitic Properties / V. Meynen / P. Cool / E.F. Vansant -- 8.3.3.1. Dealumination/Desilication / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant.

8.3.3.2. Recrystallization / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 8.3.3.3. Carbon-Based Methods / V. Meynen / P. Cool / E.F. Vansant -- 8.3.3.4. Deposition / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 8.3.3.5. Templating Approach / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 8.4. Conclusion / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- Acknowledgments / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- References / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 9. Sorption Processes / P. Cool / V. Meynen / E.F. Vansant -- 9.1. Introduction / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.2. Fundamentals of Adsorption / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.3. Adsorption as a Tool for Characterization of Porous Solids / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.3.1. Determination of Adsorption Isotherms / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.3.2. Analysis of Adsorption Isotherms / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.3.2.1. Determination of Surface Area / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero.

9.3.2.2. Microporosity / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.3.2.3. Mesoporosity / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.3.2.4. Macroporosity / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.3.2.5. Problems Commonly Found in Characterization by Adsorption / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.4. Immersion Calorimetry / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso -- 9.5. Current Challenges in Adsorption Processes / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.5.1. Air Separation / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.5.2. Hydrogen Purification / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.5.3. Other Gas Separations / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.5.4. SO2 and NOx Removal / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 9.5.5. Gas Storage / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero.

9.5.6. Desulfurization of Fuels / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / I. Silvestre-Albero -- Acknowledgments / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- References / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 10. Fundamental Approach to Supercritical Hydrogen Adsorptivity of Nanoporous Carbons / F. Rodriguez-Reinoso / A. Sepfilveda-Escribano / I. Silvestre-Albero -- 10.1. Introduction / Shigenori Utsumi / Katswni Kaneko -- 10.2. Fundamentals / Shigenori Utsumi / Katswni Kaneko -- 10.2.1. Gas[-]Solid Interaction / Shigenori Utsumi / Katswni Kaneko -- 10.2.2. Physical Adsorption and Chemisorption / Shigenori Utsumi / Katswni Kaneko -- 10.2.3. Diversity in Carbon Structure / Shigenori Utsumi / Katswni Kaneko -- 10.2.4. Nanoporous Carbon Materials / Shigenori Utsumi / Katswni Kaneko -- 10.2.5. Molecular Potential of Slit-Shaped Pores / Shigenori Utsumi / Katswni Kaneko -- 10.2.6. Molecular Potential of the Carbon Nanotube Family / Katswni Kaneko / Shigenori Utsumi -- 10.2.7. Gas and Supercritical Gas / Katswni Kaneko / Shigenori Utsumi.

10.3. Supercritical Gas Adsorption / Katswni Kaneko / Shigenori Utsumi -- 10.4. Conclusion / Katswni Kaneko / Shigenori Utsumi -- References / Katswni Kaneko / Shigenori Utsumi -- 11. Membrane Processes / Katswni Kaneko / Shigenori Utsumi -- 11.1. Introduction / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo.

Note continued: 11.1.1. Market / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.1.2. Commercial Application / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2. Fundamentals: Basic Principles, Theoretical Background, and State of the Art / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.1. Membrane Types / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.2. Membrane Configurations / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.3. Membrane Supports: Shapes and Materials / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.4. Experimental Approach / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.5. Membrane Characterization / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.5.1. Scanning Electron Microscopy / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo.

11.2.5.2. Adsorption / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.5.3. Permeation / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.6. Transport / M.C. Campo / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes -- 11.2.6.1. Pressure Dependence of the Permeance / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.6.2. Support Characterization / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.7. State of the Art / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.7.1. Historical Perspective / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.7.2. Emerging Membranes for Vapor/Gas Separation / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.7.3. Carbon Membranes / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.2.7.4. Zeolite Membranes / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.3. An Example of Industrial Application of Zeolite Membranes / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo.

11.3.1. Alcohol Dehydration / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.4. Future Challenges and Expected Breakthroughs, Identification of Research Needs / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.4.1. Breakthroughs on Recent Research / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 11.4.2. Research Needs in Membrane Technology: Future Challenges / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- Acknowledgment / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- References / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 12. Diffusional Transport in Functional Materials: Zeolite, MOF, and Perovskite Gas Separation Membranes, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells / A.F.P. Ferreira / F. Kapteijn / A.M. Mendes / M.C. Campo -- 12.1. Introduction / J. Caro -- 12.2. Fundamentals / J. Caro -- 12.3. Selected Applications / J. Caro -- 12.3.1. Diffusion in Zeolite Gas Separation Membranes / J. Caro -- 12.3.2. Diffusion in Perovskite Oxygen-Transporting Membranes / J. Caro.

12.3.3. Diffusion in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells / J. Caro -- 12.3.4. Diffusion in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells / J. Caro -- 12.3.5. Diffusion in MOF Crystals of Type ZIF-8 to Forecast Gas Permeation / J. Caro -- 12.4. Future Challenges / J. Caro -- 12.5. Conclusions / J. Caro -- 12.6. Questions on Basic Issues / J. Caro -- Acknowledgments / J. Caro -- References / J. Caro -- 13. Zeolites and Mesoporous Aluminosilicates as Solid Acid Catalysts: Fundamentals and Future Challenges / J. Caro -- 13.1. Introduction / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.2. Green Chemistry and Acid Catalysts / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.3. Structure of Zeolites / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.4. Mesoporous Aluminosilicates / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.5. Nature of Acid Sites in Zeolites and Mesoporous Aluminosilicates / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.6. Lewis Acid Sites / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa.

13.7. Experimental Techniques to Measure Acidity in Solids / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.8. Influence of the Crystal Structure on the Acid Strength / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.9. Examples of Reactions Catalyzed by Solid Acids / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.10. Product Distribution of the & alpha;-Bromopropiophenone Cyclic Ethylene Acetal as a Test Reaction to Assess Brönsted and Lewis Acidity in Zeolites / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.11. influence of the Acid Strength on the Catalytic Activity of Acid Zeolites / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.12. Friedel[-]Crafts Hydroxyalkylation of Arenes by Carbonylic Compounds / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 13.13. Conclusions and Future Trends / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- References / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa.

14. Recent Developments in Gas-to-Liquid Conversion and Opportunities for Advanced Nanoporous Materials / Ana Primo / Hermenegildo Garcia / Avelino Correa -- 14.1. Introduction / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 14.1.1. Backgrounds on Gas-to-Liquid Processes / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 14.1.2. Drivers and Issues / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 14.1.3. Stranded Gas / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 14.2. Gas-to-Liquid Technologies / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 14.2.1. Challenges in GTL Processes / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 14.2.2. New Technologies for Syngas Production / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 14.2.3. Advances in Fischer[--]Tropsch Technology / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 14.2.4. Advances in Direct Methane Selective Oxidation / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 14.2.5. Advances in Direct NG Conversion to Alkylaromatics / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi.

14.3. Conclusions / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- Acknowledgment / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- References / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 15. Advanced Materials for Hydrogen Storage / Siglinda Perathoner / Gabriele Centi -- 15.1. Introduction / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.2. Metal Hydrides / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.2.1. Conventional Metal Hydrides / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.2.2. Complex Hydrides / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.2.2.1. Alanates / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.2.2.2. Borohydrides / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.2.2.3. Nanocomposites / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.2.2.4. Amides / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.2.2.5. Chemical Hydrides / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou.

15.3. Carbon / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.3.1. Graphene / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.3.2. Graphitic/Carbon Nanofibers / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.3.3. Graphite / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.3.4. Nanodiamonds / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.3.5. Amorphous Carbon / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.3.6. Activated Carbons / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.3.7. Fullerenes and Hydrofullerenes / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.3.8. Carbon Nanotubes / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.3.9. Other Carbon Nanostructures (Horns, Cones, Scrolls, Pillared Graphenes) / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.3.10. Carbon-Metal Composites / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou.

15.4. Framework Materials / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.4.1. Zeolites / Th. A. Steriotis / G.C. Charalambopoulou / A.K. Stubos -- 15.4.2. Metal-Organic Frameworks / G.C. Charalambopoulou / A.K. Stubos / Th. A. Steriotis -- 15.4.3. Clathrates / Th. A. Steriotis / A.K. Stubos / G.C. Charalambopoulou -- 15.5. Outlook / Th. A. Steriotis / G.C. Charalambopoulou / A.K. Stubos -- References / G.C. Charalambopoulou / A.K. Stubos / Th. A. Steriotis.