Bibliothèque de L'IMIST/CNRST

"This volume provides readers with a comprehensive description of phospholipid metabolism in brain, activities of phospholipases A2, and their involvement in neurological disorders. The purpose of this book is to present readers with cutting edge information in a lively manner that is useful not only to student and teachers but also to researchers and physicians. This book has 14 chapters that will describe (1) the metabolism in brain of glycerophospholipids, including those containing a vinyl ether group (plasmalogens); (2) cutting edge information on the properties and roles of phospholipases A2 in the central nervous system; (3) the release by phospholipases A2 of second messengers (arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and lysophospholipid) from neural membrane phospholipids and their neurochemical effects on brain metabolism and functions; (4) the involvement of phospholipases A2 in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, and the use of phospholipase A2 inhibitors for the treatment of diseases associated with altered phospholipid metabolism; and (5) methods for the assays of phospholipases A2 and their clinical significance."--Publisher's website.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Cover -- TOC$Contents -- CH$1. Phospholipid Metabolism in Brain -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Classes, occurrence, and distribution of neural glycerophospholipids -- 1.3. Biosynthesis of neural membrane glycerophospholipids -- 1.4. Incorporation of glycerophospholipids into neural membranes -- 1.5. Effect of structural variations of glycerophospholipids on neural membrane structure -- 1.6. Catabolism of neural membrane glycerophospholipids -- 1.7. Phospholipid metabolism in the nucleus -- 1.8. Roles of glycerophospholipids in brain metabolism -- 1.8.1. Glycerophospholipids as a storage depot for second messengers and their precursors -- 1.8.2. Involvement of PtdSer and PtdEtn in apoptosis -- 1.8.3. Phosphatidylinositol and membrane anchoring -- 1.8.4. Involvement of glycerophospholipids in regulation of enzymic activities -- 1.8.5. Other roles of glycerophospholipids -- 1.9. Conclusion -- CH$2. Ether Lipids in Brain -- 2.1. General considerations and importance -- 2.2. Plasmalogens -- 2.2.1. Biosynthesis -- 2.2.2. Receptor-mediated degradation -- 2.2.3. Roles of plasmalogens in brain tissue -- 2.2.4. Plasmalogen, cholesterol efflux, and atherosclerosis -- 2.2.5. Plasmalogens and their antioxidant activity -- 2.2.6. Plasmalogens in differentiation -- 2.3. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) -- 2.3.1. PAF biosynthesis -- 2.3.2. PAF degradation -- 2.3.3. Roles of PAF -- 2.4. Antitumor ether lipids -- 2.5. Other ether lipids -- 2.6. Conclusion -- CH$3. Phospholipases A₂ in Brain -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Multiplicity and properties of phospholipase A₂ in brain tissue -- 3.2.1. sPLA₂ -- 3.2.2. cPLA₂ -- 3.2.3. PlsEtn-selective PLA₂ -- 3.2.4. iPLA₂ -- 3.3. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolases (PAF-AH) -- 3.4. Other brain phospholipases A₂ -- 3.5. Brain nuclear PLA₂ activities -- 3.6. Regulation of isoforms of PLA₂ in brain tissue -- 3.7. Conclusions -- CH$4. Roles of Phospholipases A₂ in Brain -- 4.1. PLA₂ isoforms and neurotransmitter release -- 4.2. PLA₂ isoforms in long-term potentiation (LTP) -- 4.3. Involvement of PLA₂ isoforms in membrane repair -- 4.4. PLA₂ isoforms in modulation of neurite outgrowth and regeneration -- 4.5. PLA₂ isoforms in inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes -- 4.6. Involvement of PLA₂ isoforms in the cell cycle -- 4.7. PLA₂ isoforms in tubule formation and membrane trafficking -- 4.8. PLA₂ isoforms in neurodegeneration -- 4.8.1. Involvement of PLA₂ isoforms in apoptosis