TY - BOOK AU - Brown,,L.Carl AU - Brown,,L.Carl TI - Religion and state SN - 0231120397 U1 - 257.1 21 PY - 2001/// CY - [S.l.] PB - Columbia University Press KW - Islam KW - Islamic studies KW - Politics & government KW - Welfare & benefit systems KW - Political science KW - Religion - World Religions KW - Politics/International Relations KW - Middle East KW - USA KW - History / Middle East / General KW - Islam - General KW - Middle East - General KW - Political History KW - Political Science / History & Theory KW - RELIGION / Islam / General KW - SOCIAL SCIENCE / General KW - Public Policy - Social Security KW - Islam and politics KW - Islam and state KW - Islamic countries KW - Politics and government KW - Sociology & Anthropology: Professional N1 - If Westerners know a single Islamic term, it is likely to be jihad, the Arabic word for "holy war." The image of Islam as an inherently aggressive and xenophobic religion has long prevailed in the West and can at times appear to be substantiated by current events. L. Carl Brown challenges this conventional wisdom with a fascinating historical overview of the relationship between religious and political life in the Muslim world ranging from IslamÉ—s early centuries to the present day. Religion and State examines the commonplace notion -held by both radical Muslim ideologues and various Western observers alike -that in Islam there is no separation between religion and politics. By placing this assertion in a broad historical context, the book reveals both the continuities between premodern and modern Islamic political thought as well as the distinctive dimensions of modern Muslim experiences. Brown shows that both the modern-day fundamentalists and their critics have it wrong when they posit an eternally militant, unchanging Islam outside of history. "They are conflating theology and history. They are confusing the ought and the is, " he writes. As the historical record shows, mainstream Muslim political thought in premodern times tended toward political quietism. Brown maintains that we can better understand present-day politics among Muslims by accepting the reality of their historical diversity while at the same time seeking to identify what may be distinctive in Muslim thought and action. In order to illuminate the distinguishing characteristics of Islam in relation to politics, Brown compares this religion with its two Semitic sisters, Judaism and Christianity, drawing striking comparisons between Islam today and Christianity during the Reformation. With a wealth of evidence, he recreates a tradition of Islamic diversity every bit as rich as that of Judaism and Christianity ER -